Western Eurasia
Western Eurasia covers most of Europe and is the westernmost section of the Palearctic realm with five major subrealms—Greater European Mixed Forests, European Mountain Forests, Black Sea Forests & Steppe, the Mediterranean, and the Anglo-Celtic Isles—and 13 bioregions in total as defined in the One Earth Bioregions Framework. The European Mixed Forests cover most of the European mainland, with a group of European Mountain Forests extending from Switzerland to the western edge of the Black Sea. To the east, the vast Pontic Steppe defines the Black Sea Forests & Steppe subrealm, which includes southern Russia and most of Turkey. In the south, three bioregions span the length of the Mediterranean—from Spain, Italy, and Greece to western Turkey, Lebanon, and Israel—with a fourth surrounding the Azores islands off the west coast of the Iberian Peninsula. Lastly, the Anglo-Celtic Isles are defined as their own subrealm with a uniquely mild climate influenced by the Gulf Stream.
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European Interior Mixed Forests (PA12)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 195,521 Number of Ecoregions: 3 Protection Target: 32% Protection Level: 5The European Interior Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains three ecoregions totaling approximately 195.5 million hectares of land area.
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Baltic Sea & Sarmatic Mixed Forests (PA11)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 84,807 Number of Ecoregions: 1 Protection Target: 46% Protection Level: 2The Baltic Sea & Sarmatic Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains one single ecoregion totaling nearly 85 million hectares of land area.
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West European Coastal Mixed Forests (PA10)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 62,273 Number of Ecoregions: 4 Protection Target: 35% Protection Level: 7The West European Coastal Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains four ecoregions totaling more than 62 million hectares of land area.
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Dinaric Mountains & Balkan Mixed Forests (PA15)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 31,488 Number of Ecoregions: 3 Protection Target: 41% Protection Level: 5The Dinaric Mountains & Balkan Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains three ecoregions totaling approximately 31.5 million hectares of land area.
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Alps & Po Basin Mixed Forests (PA13)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 19,228 Number of Ecoregions: 2 Protection Target: 48% Protection Level: 5The Alps & Po Basin Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains two ecoregions totaling more than 19 million hectares of land area.
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Carpathian Mountain & Plains Mixed Forests (PA14)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 43,285 Number of Ecoregions: 2 Protection Target: 45% Protection Level: 6The Carpathian Mountain & Plains Mixed Forests bioregion is part of the European Mountain Forests subrealm located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic). It contains two ecoregions totaling more than 42 million hectares of land area.
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Black Sea, Caucasus-Anatolian Mixed Forests & Steppe (PA17)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 58,534 Number of Ecoregions: 7 Protection Target: 32% Protection Level: 2The Black Sea, Caucasus-Anatolian Mixed Forests & Steppe bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains seven ecoregions totaling approximately 58.5 million hectares of land area.
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Pontic Steppe Grasslands (PA16)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 99,629 Number of Ecoregions: 1 Protection Target: 11% Protection Level: 4The Pontic Steppe Grasslands bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains one single ecoregion totaling approximately 99.5 million hectares of land area.
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Adriatic Sea & Central Mediterranean Mixed Forests (PA19)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 26,104 Number of Ecoregions: 6 Protection Target: 27% Protection Level : 9The Adriatic Sea & Central Mediterranean Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains six ecoregions totaling approximately 26 million hectares of land area.
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Aegean Sea & East Mediterranean Mixed Forests (PA18)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 49,689 Number of Ecoregions: 7 Protection Target: 30% Protection Level: 3The Aegean Sea & East Mediterranean Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains seven ecoregions totaling approximately 49.5 million hectares of land area.
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Azores Forest Islands (PA21)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 262 Number of Ecoregions: 1 Protection Target: 24% Protection Level: 10The Azores Forest Islands bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains one single ecoregion totaling approximately 262 thousand hectares of land area.
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Balearic Sea & West Mediterranean Mixed Forests (PA20)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 55,529 Number of Ecoregions: 6 Protection Target: 30% Protection Level: 10The Balearic Sea & West Mediterranean Mixed Forests bioregion is located in the Western Eurasia realm (western Palearctic) and contains six ecoregions totaling approximately 55.5 million hectares of land area.
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